This cross sectional study by Loiseau et al has shown for the first time that avian malaria transmission occurs in the North American Arctic. 32 species of both resident and migratory birds were sampled, and 7.2% were found to be infected with plasmodium species. This rapid change in host-vector-parasite interaction can be extrapolated to significant implications for human diseases. You can find the Pubmed citation here, and the full article via PLOS ONE here.